{"id":2303,"date":"2026-04-27T12:57:31","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T12:57:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/fr\/wiki\/decomposition-des-charges-par-lignes-de-rupture-et-elements-finis-ef-avec-exemple\/"},"modified":"2026-04-27T12:57:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-27T12:57:31","slug":"decomposition-des-charges-par-lignes-de-rupture-et-elements-finis-ef-avec-exemple","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/fr\/support\/manuels-techniques\/decomposition-des-charges-par-lignes-de-rupture-et-elements-finis-ef-avec-exemple\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9composition des charges par lignes de rupture et \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis (EF), avec exemple"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-5bbb9659f8fcc50e30f7c52f38a4cd0b.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-074e6361d9c7d9efd26bc82787b6ffdb.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\"> <\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Pour mieux comprendre ce sujet, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de consulter&nbsp; <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/article-7-10-2020\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"colour\">Organigramme de mod\u00e9lisation, d&rsquo;analyse et de calcul<\/span><\/a><span class=\"colour\"><b>&nbsp;<\/b>avant de poursuivre cet article.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Il existe deux m\u00e9thodes pour calculer les charges des dalles en b\u00e9ton sur les poutres en b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9 porteuses :&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><b><span class=\"colour\">1. D\u00e9terminer les charges de poutre avec la m\u00e9thode par d\u00e9faut des \u00ab Lignes de Rupture \u00bb<\/span><\/b> <\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsque la dalle et les poutres sont mod\u00e9lis\u00e9es, la charge de la dalle est calcul\u00e9e automatiquement par d\u00e9faut avec la&nbsp;<i>m\u00e9thode des surfaces tributaires par lignes de rupture<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Toutes les charges lin\u00e9iques ou ponctuelles de la dalle sont converties en charge surfacique \u00e9quivalente. La charge totale est donc reprise par la poutre, mais l&rsquo;effet localis\u00e9 de ces charges ne peut pas \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9. &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Toutes les ouvertures de dalle sont ignor\u00e9es. En pr\u00e9sence de grandes ouvertures, les charges sur les poutres sont donc conservatrices.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Adapt\u00e9e aux dalles rectangulaires ou quasi carr\u00e9es r\u00e9guli\u00e8res. Elle peut \u00eatre insuffisante pour les dalles de forme irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"text-align: left\" class=\" align-left\"><b><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"highlight\">2. D\u00e9terminer les charges de poutre avec la&nbsp;\u00ab D\u00e9composition des charges par EF \u00bb&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b> <\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Accessible depuis&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Chargement<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;(menu du haut) ou<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\"> Analyse<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> (menu du haut) &gt;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">D\u00e9composition des charges par EF<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"highlight\"><span class=\"colour\">Cette m\u00e9thode est une alternative au calcul par d\u00e9faut des charges de dalle par \u00ab Lignes de Rupture \u00bb sur les poutres<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"highlight\"><span class=\"colour\">L&rsquo;effet localis\u00e9 des charges concentr\u00e9es de dalle peut \u00eatre pris en compte car les dalles sont maill\u00e9es<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"highlight\"><span class=\"colour\">Les ouvertures de dalle sont prises en compte : les charges d\u00e9compos\u00e9es sur la poutre diff\u00e8rent selon la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;ouvertures.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"highlight\"><span class=\"colour\">\u00c0 utiliser lorsque de nombreuses dalles pr\u00e9sentent une forme irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re (non rectangulaire ou non quasi carr\u00e9e)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: disc\"><span class=\"font\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"highlight\"><span class=\"colour\">Cette m\u00e9thode demande plus de temps d&rsquo;analyse que la&nbsp;m\u00e9thode des surfaces tributaires par lignes de rupture, car les dalles doivent \u00eatre maill\u00e9es en plaques et coques, surtout lorsque le mod\u00e8le comporte un grand nombre de dalles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-4f0b4a44f80dde740c60cdd6cf732eab.png\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><b>Pour <\/b><b>les dalles en b\u00e9ton<\/b><b> support\u00e9es par&nbsp;<\/b><\/span><b><span class=\"colour\">des poutres en acier<\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><b>, l&rsquo;utilisateur doit ex\u00e9cuter &quot;D\u00e9composition des charges par EF&quot;<\/b>.&nbsp; La m\u00e9thode par d\u00e9faut des lignes de rupture ne fonctionne pas.&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\">Autrement, vous pouvez envisager une poutre mixte, o\u00f9 la poutre en acier agit en association avec la dalle en b\u00e9ton :<\/span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/composite-beam-design-general-principles\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Principes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux de calcul des poutres mixtes<\/a>&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"What_is_Load_Decomposition\"><b><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 24px\">Qu&rsquo;est-ce que la d\u00e9composition des charges ?<\/span><\/span><br \/><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Les dalles ne sont pas mod\u00e9lis\u00e9es dans l&rsquo;analyse g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du b\u00e2timent. Cela exigerait un mod\u00e8le EF enti\u00e8rement maill\u00e9 \u00e0 chaque niveau, dans un mod\u00e8le 3D multi-\u00e9tages. Pour des structures r\u00e9alistes, ces mod\u00e8les d\u00e9passent la capacit\u00e9 raisonnable des processeurs actuels.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsque vous d\u00e9finissez les dalles et leurs charges, <\/span><\/span><b style=\"text-align: justify\"><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">ProtaStructure<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> doit d\u00e9terminer le chargement \u00e0 appliquer aux poutres porteuses. Par d\u00e9faut, ce calcul repose sur une m\u00e9thode traditionnelle bas\u00e9e sur les surfaces tributaires.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;line-height: 103%\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span><span class=\"colour\"><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_9544406286873193\" class=\"docsimage\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 768px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hc-2c15e8729c3c.png\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;line-height: 100%\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Les limites des surfaces tributaires qui chargent chaque poutre peuvent \u00eatre visualis\u00e9es graphiquement, comme illustr\u00e9 ci-dessus. Elles ressemblent \u00e0 des <\/span><\/span><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lignes de Rupture<\/span><\/span><\/i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> potentielles, d&rsquo;o\u00f9 le nom donn\u00e9 \u00e0 cette m\u00e9thode par d\u00e9faut.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;line-height: 103%\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Ici, comme dans de nombreux autres domaines, <\/span><\/span><b><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">ProtaStructure<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> applique la m\u00e9thodologie d&rsquo;ing\u00e9nierie utilis\u00e9e depuis des ann\u00e9es dans les <\/span><\/span><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">calculs manuels<\/span><\/span><\/i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Why_switch_to_a_FE_method\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 24px\"><span class=\"colour\">Pourquoi passer \u00e0 une m\u00e9thode EF ?<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lignes de Rupture<\/span><\/span><\/i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> : cette m\u00e9thode a des limites dans les cas suivants :<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span style=\"text-indent: -0.25in\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsque les limites de la dalle sont tr\u00e8s irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res, en particulier si certains bords d&rsquo;un contour complexe ne sont pas support\u00e9s.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsque la dalle comporte des ouvertures importantes.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsqu&rsquo;il existe des charges ponctuelles, surfaciques ou lin\u00e9iques, concentr\u00e9es et excentr\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Dans ce cas, les charges de poutre sont calcul\u00e9es plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide d&rsquo;un <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><i><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">mod\u00e8le aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis<\/span><\/span><\/i><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_6832688808236302\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 817px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-e48fc6f12fe481d45679ae9be6149ecb.png\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Consid\u00e9rons la dalle simple de 6 m sur 4 m illustr\u00e9e ci-dessus. Des charges ponctuelles excentr\u00e9es sont appliqu\u00e9es et un grand vide a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9fini.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">La m\u00e9thode traditionnelle (lignes de rupture) de transfert des charges ignore le vide. Elle moyenne la charge ponctuelle en calculant une charge uniform\u00e9ment r\u00e9partie \u00e9quivalente sur toute la surface de la dalle. La charge n&rsquo;est pas perdue, mais son effet devient ind\u00e9pendant de sa proximit\u00e9 aux poutres environnantes. Cela appara\u00eet clairement quand vous examinez les charges de poutre dans l&rsquo;onglet &quot;<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/load-editor-ps2022\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span class=\"colour\">Modifier les charges<\/span><\/a><span class=\"colour\">&quot;.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_6783735773426638\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 1198px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-b640d6b17ac7a0681241d732e076a349.png\"><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Le chargement de la poutre 1B3 suit un profil trap\u00e9zo\u00efdal simple, o\u00f9 la charge uniform\u00e9ment r\u00e9partie maximale est ajust\u00e9e pour tenir compte des charges ponctuelles. Selon cette m\u00e9thode, la poutre 1B1 pr\u00e9sente un profil de chargement identique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-7a283efa52f00d2d5a3eff9d2e89de9e-scaled.png\"><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Lorsque vous lancez une analyse du b\u00e2timent, un ensemble parfaitement sym\u00e9trique de charges de poteaux est d\u00e9termin\u00e9, comme illustr\u00e9 ci-dessous.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_19266165021830406\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 949px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-20f318446864bdeff7c005576f8962f7.png\"><\/div>\n<p><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<h2 id=\"Example_of_FE_Method_for_Slab_Load_Decomposition\" class=\"toc_anchors\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 24px\"><span class=\"colour\">Exemple de m\u00e9thode EF pour la d\u00e9composition des charges de dalle<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">En utilisant le mod\u00e8le aux \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis optionnel, les charges ponctuelles sont r\u00e9parties bien plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment. La charge de dalle est \u00e9galement r\u00e9partie plus pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment, avec les d\u00e9ductions et effets li\u00e9s au vide.<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">La proc\u00e9dure de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des charges de poutre optionnelles \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;un mod\u00e8le EF est la suivante :<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;S\u00e9lectionnez la commande <\/span><\/span><span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/span><i style=\"font-size: 11pt;text-indent: -0.25in\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">D\u00e9composition de charge par EF<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/i><span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> dans le menu <\/span><\/span><span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/span><i style=\"font-size: 11pt;text-indent: -0.25in\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Chargement<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/i><span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">, comme illustr\u00e9 ci-dessous.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"zde_indent\"><p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 550px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_7668655654224743\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-83a5ce81fedc0706dea2bbda3407aa1a.png\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"zde_indent\"><p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Dans le panneau de gauche, s\u00e9lectionnez d&rsquo;abord l&rsquo;\u00e9tage, puis cliquez sur le bouton&nbsp;\u00ab&nbsp;<b>Calculer les charges de dalle<\/b>&nbsp;\u00bb pour lancer l&rsquo;analyse de d\u00e9composition des charges par EF.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote class=\"zde_indent\"><p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_8496515890129568\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 809px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-dab484ab392f2b65471346b8218b9efd.png\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">2.&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Un minimum de 500 mm et un maximum de 1000 mm sont propos\u00e9s par d\u00e9faut pour la taille des \u00e9l\u00e9ments coque de dalle. Vous pouvez ajuster ces valeurs.<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 318px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_11802912256847353\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-8feb396fffbb7923448aee25dac486a4.png\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">3.&nbsp; &nbsp; Cliquez sur le bouton <\/span><\/span><\/span> <i style=\"font-size: 11pt;text-align: justify;text-indent: -0.25in\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">&quot;Calculer les charges de dalle&quot;<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/i> <span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"> et la dalle est maill\u00e9e automatiquement pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tage s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9 ou tous les \u00e9tages.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">4.&nbsp; &nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">Cochez <b><i>&quot;Afficher le mod\u00e8le analytique avant l&rsquo;analyse\u201d<\/i><\/b> pour visualiser le maillage g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 pour chaque \u00e9tage.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 11pt\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/span><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-7459b8ac267fac487e190b3b5a601480.png\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div>\n<div align=\"middle\" id=\"target_mov_img_9446177800490849\" class=\"target_moving\">\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\" style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" data-image=\"contentStyle\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-type=\"non-resize\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-5bbb9659f8fcc50e30f7c52f38a4cd0b.png\"><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Le mod\u00e8le analytique maille la dalle en \u00e9l\u00e9ments coque triangulaires.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Les n\u0153uds du maillage de dalle subdivisent la poutre porteuse en de nombreux n\u0153uds de segments de portique.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Un appui fictif est automatiquement ins\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 chaque n\u0153ud de segment de poutre. Cela signifie que la poutre ne peut pas fl\u00e9chir. La raideur de la poutre n&rsquo;a donc aucun effet sur le transfert de charge de la dalle.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">La charge de dalle est d\u00e9compos\u00e9e ou calcul\u00e9e uniquement aux n\u0153uds de segment de poutre :&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: circle\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Trop peu de mailles de dalle r\u00e9duisent la pr\u00e9cision, car le chargement est suppos\u00e9 lin\u00e9aire entre les n\u0153uds.&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: circle\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Trop de mailles allongent inutilement le temps d&rsquo;analyse, surtout lorsque la zone de dalle est grande.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: circle\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">La r\u00e8gle g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est de 6 \u00e0 8 mailles le long de chaque poutre porteuse.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><br \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: square\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Dans ce cas, la taille sugg\u00e9r\u00e9e des \u00e9l\u00e9ments coque de la dalle&nbsp;donne un minimum de 8 n\u0153uds le long de chaque poutre ; m\u00eame si le maillage autour de l&rsquo;ouverture n&rsquo;est pas optimal, cela est probablement suffisant dans cet exemple simple pour l&rsquo;objectif vis\u00e9.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0in;margin-right: 1pt;margin-bottom: 0in;margin-left: 0.5in;text-align: justify;text-indent: -0.25in;line-height: 103%\" class=\"MsoListParagraph\"><span class=\"colour\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;&nbsp;5. Une fois ce processus termin\u00e9, les r\u00e9sultats de l&rsquo;analyse de d\u00e9composition des charges par \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis (EF) sont automatiquement&nbsp;appliqu\u00e9s \u00e0 toutes les poutres du mod\u00e8le.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 15px\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"font-size: 16px;padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 414px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_12992827831636777\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-b0185056e80f6b13c3b431ece4d3bf58.png\"><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Vous pouvez v\u00e9rifier cela poutre par poutre. S\u00e9lectionnez n&rsquo;importe quelle poutre puis choisissez &quot;Modifier les charges&quot;, l&rsquo;option &quot;M\u00e9thode de calcul des charges de dalle&quot; aura alors bascul\u00e9 vers la<\/span><b><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"><i style=\"text-align: justify\"><b>&quot;\u00c9l\u00e9ments finis&quot; <\/b><\/i>comme m\u00e9thode<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;<\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">. Le nouveau chargement pour la poutre 1B1 est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ci-dessous<\/span><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_6663366446283658\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 926px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-29e098eac0a6887537322e389fb01049.png\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"colour\"><\/p>\n<div><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">Comme pr\u00e9vu, l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 de la charge culmine vers les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s o\u00f9 les charges ponctuelles sont appliqu\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span> <\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">Pour utiliser ces nouveaux chargements, il faut relancer l&rsquo;analyse du b\u00e2timent. Une fois termin\u00e9e, on observe une r\u00e9partition tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rente des charges de poteaux.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/span><\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_9005951233394291\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 852px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-4d8b2179a08f8317ca16f15f323a9198.png\"><\/div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0in;margin-right: 3pt;margin-bottom: 8pt;margin-left: 1pt;line-height: 100%\" class=\"MsoNormal\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">La charge d&rsquo;exploitation totale calcul\u00e9e avec la m\u00e9thode des lignes de rupture \u00e9tait d&rsquo;environ 266,4 kN. Avec la <\/span><\/span><b><i><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">EF<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"> comme m\u00e9thode, elle est tomb\u00e9e \u00e0 258,4 kN, ce qui est l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieur car aucune charge n&rsquo;est appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;ouverture.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-7207c3871dc197421f05b78e2229079e.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">Si vous modifiez des charges de dalle ou des dispositions de poutres, pensez \u00e0 relancer la commande <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">D\u00e9composition des charges par EF <\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">avant de relancer l&rsquo;analyse du b\u00e2timent.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-9fbf6f414f913b314eb6145ee7ea1fb8.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Une comparaison des charges axiales est effectu\u00e9e \u00e0 la fin de chaque analyse. Elle compare les charges appliqu\u00e9es aux r\u00e9actions de l&rsquo;analyse. Comme les m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9composition peuvent \u00eatre choisies poutre par poutre, cette comparaison peut faire appara\u00eetre des \u00e9carts. Dans l&rsquo;exemple ci-dessus, si vous choisissez la d\u00e9composition par \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis uniquement pour la poutre 1B1, la comparaison s&rsquo;affiche comme indiqu\u00e9 ci-dessous.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 631px;height: auto\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"original\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_42882223324267055\" class=\"docsimage\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/hc-a6abf9f1dcc2.png\"> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Le premier tableau des charges appliqu\u00e9es indique les totaux des charges appliqu\u00e9es \u00e0 chaque dalle, poutre, etc. Le second tableau des charges appliqu\u00e9es indique les totaux de chargement apr\u00e8s d\u00e9composition. Comme les m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9composition ont \u00e9t\u00e9 combin\u00e9es pour retenir le cas le plus d\u00e9favorable pour chaque poutre, le chargement total apr\u00e8s d\u00e9composition est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9. On constate ensuite que ce chargement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 est conserv\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;analyse du b\u00e2timent<\/span>.<\/span> <\/div>\n<div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"Why_retain_the_traditional_yield_line_method\"><b><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 24px\"><span class=\"colour\">Pourquoi conserver la m\u00e9thode traditionnelle des lignes de rupture ?<\/span><\/span><\/b><br \/><\/h1>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Apr\u00e8s avoir examin\u00e9 l&rsquo;exemple ci-dessus, cette question peut sembler l\u00e9gitime. Il faut surtout retenir que cet exemple est inhabituel, voire extr\u00eame. Les charges concentr\u00e9es et les grandes ouvertures ne sont pas la norme.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Le principal inconv\u00e9nient de la m\u00e9thode EF est la vitesse. Un grand nombre de dalles n\u00e9cessite un grand nombre d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ments coque correspondants ; les mod\u00e8les d&rsquo;analyse deviennent alors volumineux, m\u00eame \u00e9tage par \u00e9tage, et donc lents.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">Les comparaisons sur des dalles uniform\u00e9ment charg\u00e9es montrent une excellente corr\u00e9lation entre la m\u00e9thode traditionnelle des lignes de rupture et la m\u00e9thode EF, il peut donc \u00eatre plus simple de continuer \u00e0 utiliser la m\u00e9thode traditionnelle pour la majeure partie de votre travail.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">En r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissant aux diff\u00e9rences qu&rsquo;apporte la m\u00e9thode EF, vous pourrez d\u00e9terminer quand elle est la plus adapt\u00e9e \u2010 elle est clairement pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable en pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;ouvertures importantes et\/ou de charges isol\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">En d\u00e9finitive, aucune m\u00e9thode ne convient \u00e0 tout le monde en permanence. Vous pouvez donc choisir au cas par cas, poutre par poutre, si vous le souhaitez, ou calculer toutes les poutres avec une m\u00e9thode puis les v\u00e9rifier avec l&rsquo;autre. Lors de la v\u00e9rification, vous pouvez utiliser l&rsquo;option <\/span><\/span><i style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\">s\u00e9lectionner un nouvel acier lorsque les barres pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes sont insuffisantes<\/span><\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><span class=\"colour\"> afin que toutes les poutres soient calcul\u00e9es pour le cas le plus d\u00e9favorable des deux m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9composition des charges.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"colour\"><\/span> <\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div><span style=\"margin: 10px 0px;position: relative;padding: 10px 10px 10px 40px\" class=\"KB_New_Editor_Highlights\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-fa05ee6bb9d4c45f5df8c9dcfd269074.png\" data-type=\"non-resize\" style=\"position: absolute;left: 12px;top: 14px;width: 15px;max-width: 100%\" data-image=\"contentStyle\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\">Dans la m\u00e9thode EF, les poutres sont remplac\u00e9es par une ligne d&rsquo;appuis parfaitement encastr\u00e9s. Par cons\u00e9quent, pour des dalles r\u00e9guli\u00e8res ordinaires, la m\u00e9thode des lignes de rupture et la m\u00e9thode EF r\u00e9partissent les charges de fa\u00e7on \u00e9gale entre poutres internes et poutres de rive. Autrement dit, la continuit\u00e9 n&rsquo;est pas prise en compte. Cette simplification est admise de longue date dans les calculs manuels.<br \/>Un exemple plus extr\u00eame est celui d&rsquo;une dalle en porte-\u00e0-faux. La poutre adjacente au porte-\u00e0-faux reprend toute la charge de la dalle en porte-\u00e0-faux, plus la moiti\u00e9 de la charge de la dalle interne. Pour les porte-\u00e0-faux longs, cela peut conduire \u00e0 une sous-estimation importante.<br \/>La seule fa\u00e7on de prendre en compte la continuit\u00e9 dans un tel cas consiste \u00e0 inclure les dalles de plancher par maillage dans Analyse du b\u00e2timent, en activant l&rsquo;option <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/support.protasoftware.com\/portal\/en\/kb\/articles\/model-options#Include_Slabs_in_Model_-_Finite_Elements_Mesh\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Inclure les dalles dans le mod\u00e8le du b\u00e2timent<\/a>&nbsp;dans la bo\u00eete de dialogue Analyse du b\u00e2timent &gt; Mod\u00e8le de dalle. Cette m\u00e9thode tient compte de la continuit\u00e9 : une charge plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e est appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 la poutre adjacente au porte-\u00e0-faux, et une charge correspondante plus faible est appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 la poutre interne suivante \u2010 certains ing\u00e9nieurs pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent cette approche.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"toc_anchors\" id=\"How_to_switch_back_to_the_traditional_yield_line_method_from_FE_Load_Decomposition_method\"><b><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"colour\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 24px\">Comment revenir \u00e0 la m\u00e9thode traditionnelle (lignes de rupture) depuis la m\u00e9thode de d\u00e9composition des charges par EF ?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><br \/><\/h1>\n<div><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Si vous avez d\u00e9j\u00e0 ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 la&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><b style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">D\u00e9composition des charges par EF<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">&nbsp;sous l&rsquo;onglet&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><b style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">Chargement<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">, et que vous souhaitez remplacer la <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><b style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">M\u00e9thode de calcul des charges de dalle<\/span><\/span><\/b><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\"> par <\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><i style=\"text-align: justify\"><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">M\u00e9thode des lignes de rupture<\/span><\/span><\/i><span class=\"colour\"> <\/span><span class=\"size\" style=\"font-size: 16px\"><span class=\"colour\">, proc\u00e9dez comme suit :<\/span><\/span><span class=\"colour\"> <br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">Cliquez avec le bouton droit sur n&rsquo;importe quelle poutre (en vue 2D ou en vue 3D)<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">Cliquez sur <\/span><\/span><b><i><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">M\u00e9thode de calcul des charges de dalle<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">S\u00e9lectionnez <\/span><\/span><b><i><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">M\u00e9thode des lignes de rupture<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><b><i><span class=\"colour\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px;line-height: normal\" class=\"size\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><br \/><\/i><\/b><img decoding=\"async\" data-zdeskdocselectedclass=\"\" class=\"docsimage\" data-zdeskdocid=\"img_7910111356730471\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;width: 598px;height: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-f2b891fc3e6fd2cee9b939a0f8408e63.png\"><\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: decimal\"><span class=\"colour\">Cette option peut \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e \u00e0 toutes les poutres de l&rsquo;\u00e9tage ou \u00e0 toutes les poutres du mod\u00e8le.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"padding: 0px;max-width: 100%\" src=\"https:\/\/protasoftware.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/prota-doc-30bcacda4ba0f8223a3504c81d79df64.png\"><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pour mieux comprendre ce sujet, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de consulter&nbsp; Organigramme de mod\u00e9lisation, d&rsquo;analyse et de calcul&nbsp;avant de poursuivre cet article. Il existe deux m\u00e9thodes&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_whitepaper_youtube_videos":"","_whitepaper_youtube_url":"","_whitepaper_youtube_thumbnail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"whitepaper_topic":[],"whitepaper_product":[],"whitepaper_type":[],"class_list":["post-2303","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","hentry","category-structural-modelling"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>D\u00e9composition des charges : lignes de rupture et EF<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez la d\u00e9composition des charges par lignes de rupture et par \u00e9l\u00e9ments finis (EF), illustr\u00e9e par un exemple concret de calcul de dalle.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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